9182 results for "cancer rna-seq"

in 27.74 milliseconds.

• Defining the metastasome in colorectal cancer: Implications for hypotheses on metastasis evolution and personalized therapy (HIPO-032)

  Personalized cancer therapy aims at individual genetic changes characterizing primary cancers. Still, however, metastasis is the major clinically unmet problem, also due to an incomplete understanding of its molecular evolution.This study is the first to define the metastasis-specific whole genome landscape of human colorectal primary vs. matched metastatic lesions.Protein coding, ncRNA genes and 3’UTRs harbored about a third each of single nucleotide variations (SNVs)/indels, 19% of them being metastasis-specific. We found novel mutational hills among ncRNAs and 3’UTRs, copy number changes able to explain changes in microRNA expression in metastases, and novel metastasis-specific mutations in the 3’UTRs on important cancer signalling genes. Some metastatic lesions showed targetable mutations not detected in the primaries. Analysis of mutual exclusivity patterns supported a model that has progressive alterations in important colorectal cancer genes and revealed new partners. Metastatic lesions were enriched in SNVs, specific structural variations, and alterations in genes affecting cell adhesion and extracellular matrix interaction.Furthermore, a hepatic stellate activation cascade was enriched in metastases, suggesting genetic programs for site-specific colonization. Allele frequency distribution and mutational signature analysis suggests a common ancestor clone to both the primary tumor and the metastasis, with additional mutagenesis ongoing in both sites independently. Taken together, our results significantly add to hypothesis generation on metastasis evolution, and suggest novel metastasis-specific genomic changes which would be missed by current personalized therapy concepts. (HIPO-032)

  Study EGAS00001002717

• Whole genome sequencing with linked reads of pediatric glioblastoma samples

  Pediatric glioblastoma (pGBM) is a lethal cancer with no effective therapies. To understand mechanisms of tumor evolution in this cancer, we performed whole genome sequencing with linked reads on longitudinally resected pGBM samples. Our analyses showed that all diagnostic and recurrent samples were collections of genetically diverse subclones. Clonal composition rapidly evolved at recurrence, with less than 8% of non-synonymous single nucleotide variants being shared in diagnostic-recurrent pairs. In order to track the origins of the mutational events we observed in pGBM, we generated whole genome datasets for two patients and their parents. These trios showed that genetic variants could be (i) somatic, (ii) inherited from a healthy parent, or (iii) arose de novo in the germlines of pGBM patients. Analysis of variant allele frequencies supported a model of tumor growth involving slow-cycling cancer stem cells that give rise to fast-proliferating progenitor-like cells and to non-dividing cells. Interestingly, radiation and anti-mitotic chemotherapeutics did not increase overall tumor burden upon recurrence. These findings support an important role for slow-cycling stem cell populations in contributing to recurrences, since slow-cycling cell populations are expected to be less prone to genotoxic stress induced by these treatments and to accumulate few mutations. Our results highlight the need for new targeted treatments that account for the complex functional hierarchies and genomic heterogeneity of pGBM.

  Study EGAS00001003432

• Liquid Biopsy Versus Tissue Biopsy to Assess Acquired Resistance and Tumor Heterogeneity in Gastrointestinal Cancers

  Tumor heterogeneity can drive the evolution of multiple tumor subclones harboring unique molecular resistance alterations in different metastatic lesions in an individual patient, under the selective pressure of therapy1-3. Studies have suggested that liquid biopsy may better capture the heterogeneity of acquired resistance, but systematic, direct comparisons of post-progression liquid vs. standard single-lesion tumor biopsies are lacking. In a prospective cohort of 44 patients with molecularly-defined gastrointestinal cancers and acquired resistance to targeted therapy, direct comparison of post-progression liquid vs. tumor biopsy revealed that liquid biopsy more frequently identified clinically-relevant resistance alterations and multiple resistance mechanisms, detecting resistance alterations not detected in matched tumor biopsy in 78% of cases. Whole-exome sequencing of serial cell-free DNA, tumor biopsies and rapid autopsy specimens elucidated geographic and evolutionary characteristics of heterogeneity. Our data suggest that acquired resistance is frequently characterized by profound tumor heterogeneity and highlight the potential clinical utility of liquid biopsy. Burrell, R. A. & Swanton, C. Tumour heterogeneity and the evolution of polyclonal drug resistance. Molecular oncology 8, 1095-1111, doi:10.1016/j.molonc.2014.06.005 (2014). Misale, S. et al. Emergence of KRAS mutations and acquired resistance to anti-EGFR therapy in colorectal cancer. Nature 486, 532-536, doi:10.1038/nature11156 (2012). Ahronian, L. G. et al. Clinical Acquired Resistance to RAF Inhibitor Combinations in BRAF-Mutant Colorectal Cancer through MAPK Pathway Alterations. Cancer Disco 5, 358-367, doi:10.1158/2159-8290.Cd-14-1518 (2015).

  Study phs001853

• University of Texas PDX Development and Trial Center Grant

  The goal for the University Texas PDX Development and Trial Center (UTPDTC) is to optimize personalized biomarker-based cancer therapy and identify effective targeted drugs based on the molecular characteristics of each tumor. Our short-term goals are to establish a biobank of clinically, and molecularly-annotated Patient-Derived Xenografts (PDXs) and to use PDXs as a platform for preclinical drug development and biomarker discovery. The primary goal for UTPDTC investigators will be to develop PDX trial strategies for preclinical testing of single agents and drug combinations. These models will allow the determination of the optimal treatments (single drugs or combinations) that should be tested in clinical trials in increasingly individualized, molecularly defined subsets of tumors. The goal of the Patient-Derived Xenograft Core is to provide high-quality clinically relevant and molecularly annotated PDX models for the research projects proposed in the University of Texas PDX Development and Trial Center (UTPDTC) grant application and to the research activity of the NCI PDX Development and Trial Centers Research Network (PDXNet) by leveraging PDX resources at our institutions and developing new PDX models from human cancer specimens using rigorous quality standards so that the models can be used to guide clinical trial development. The PDX models developed and/or characterized by the PDX Core will be available to other cancer researchers through the PDXNet and NCI Patient-Derived Models Repository (PDMR).

  Study phs001980

• Cell-Free, Methylated DNA in Blood Samples Reveals Tissue-Specific, Cellular Damage from Radiation Treatment

  Radiation therapy is an effective cancer treatment, although damage to surrounding healthy tissues can also occur. Cell-type specific DNA methylation patterns can be used to decode the cellular origins of cell-free DNA fragments, allowing for minimally-invasive monitoring of tissue damage. To evaluate whether changes in cell-free DNA methylation can indicate damages to tissues in patients treated with radiation, we collected serum samples from 15 breast cancer patients at three timepoints during their standard-of-care radiation therapy after surgery. A baseline sample was taken for each patient before onset of radiation therapy and a second End-Of-Treatment (EOT) sample was taken 30 minutes after the last treatment fraction. Finally, a recovery sample was taken one month after completion of radiation therapy. From serum samples, cell-free DNA was isolated and bisulfite capture-sequencing DNA methylation data were generated. Bisulfite capture-sequencing DNA methylation data were also generated from buffy coat and tissue-specific endothelial gDNA samples as well as from serum/plasma samples of healthy controls. The analysis of serum samples from breast cancer patients undergoing radiation treatment revealed distinct tissue-specific epithelial and endothelial responses to radiation across multiple organs. In conclusion, as a proof of concept we show that cell-type specific methylation signatures can be applied to detect cellular injury from radiation treatment using minimally invasive cell-free DNA in blood samples.

  Study phs003290

• Epi-Tax targeted sequencing

  Sequencing of 350 cancer genes in BC samples from patients treated with either Epirubicin or Paclitaxel monotherapy in the neoadjuvant setting.

  Dataset EGAD00001000812

• Lung Progression versus Regression Whole Genome Sequencing

  Around 50 samples of pre-invasive lung cancer lesions showing subsequent clinical and pathological progression or regression

  Dataset EGAD00001001271

• ICGC Korean Breast Cancer Project

  A comprehensive characterisation and analysis of human breast cancers through whole-genome sequencing.

  Dataset EGAD00001001322

• Illumina_WGS_T-XEN

  Whole-genome sequencing on Illumina HiSeq2000/2500 of Patient-derived xenograft derived from colorectal cancer primary tumor sample

  Dataset EGAD00001002091

• Illumina_WXS_MET-XEN

  Whole-exome sequencing on Illumina HiSeq2000/2500 of Patient-derived xenograft derived from colorectal cancer metastasis sample

  Dataset EGAD00001002098

• Solid_WXS_MET

  Whole-exome sequencing on AB 5500xl Genetic Analyzer of colorectal cancer metastasis sample

  Dataset EGAD00001002105

• Solid_WXS_MET-XEN

  Whole-exome sequencing on AB 5500xl Genetic Analyzer of Patient-derived xenograft derived from colorectal cancer metastasis sample

  Dataset EGAD00001002106

• Solid_WXS_T

  Whole-exome sequencing on AB 5500xl Genetic Analyzer of colorectal cancer primary tumor sample

  Dataset EGAD00001002107

• Sequencing .bam files

  Sequencing of untreated pancreatic cancer metastases and primary tumor sections.

  Dataset EGAD00001003153

• OT2_Illumina_RNA_T_XEN

  RNAseq on Illumina HiSeq2000/2500 of Patient-derived xenograft derived from colorectal cancer primary tumor sample (OT2_cohort)

  Dataset EGAD00001003369

• OT2_Illumina_WGS_MET_XEN

  Whole-genome sequencing on Illumina HiSeq2000/2500 of Patient-derived xenograft derived from colorectal cancer metastasis sample (OT2_cohort)

  Dataset EGAD00001003374

• ParityImmune

  Blood transcriptome from women participating in the Norwegian Women and Cancer study (NOWAC)

  Dataset EGAD00010001412

• Hyperpolarized 13C MRI in breast cancer

  Transcriptomics for samples obtained from six patients (MBR01, MBR03, MBR05, MBR07, MBR10, MBR11)

  Dataset EGAD00001005760

• Normal sample for patient SA286

  Whole genome sequencing of normal sample for triple negative breast cancer patient SA286

  Dataset EGAD00001009366

• Tumour sample for patient SA425

  Whole genome sequencing of tumour sample for triple negative breast cancer patient SA425

  Dataset EGAD00001009356

• Tumour sample for patient SA423

  Whole genome sequencing of tumour sample for triple negative breast cancer patient SA423

  Dataset EGAD00001009355

• Tumour sample for patient SA300

  Whole genome sequencing of tumour sample for triple negative breast cancer patient SA300

  Dataset EGAD00001009354

• Tumour sample for patient SA239

  Whole genome sequencing of tumour sample for triple negative breast cancer patient SA239

  Dataset EGAD00001009353

• Tumour sample for patient SA238

  Whole genome sequencing of tumour sample for triple negative breast cancer patient SA238

  Dataset EGAD00001009352

• Tumour sample for patient SA221

  Whole genome sequencing of tumour sample for triple negative breast cancer patient SA221

  Dataset EGAD00001009351

• Normal sample for patient SA289

  Whole genome sequencing of normal sample for triple negative breast cancer patient SA289

  Dataset EGAD00001009367

• Normal sample for patient SA495

  Whole genome sequencing of normal sample for triple negative breast cancer patient SA495

  Dataset EGAD00001009372

• Normal sample for patient SA425

  Whole genome sequencing of normal sample for triple negative breast cancer patient SA425

  Dataset EGAD00001009371

• Normal sample for patient SA423

  Whole genome sequencing of normal sample for triple negative breast cancer patient SA423

  Dataset EGAD00001009370

• Normal sample for patient SA300

  Whole genome sequencing of normal sample for triple negative breast cancer patient SA300

  Dataset EGAD00001009369

• Normal sample for patient SA239

  Whole genome sequencing of normal sample for triple negative breast cancer patient SA239

  Dataset EGAD00001009364

• Normal sample for patient SA238

  Whole genome sequencing of normal sample for triple negative breast cancer patient SA238

  Dataset EGAD00001009363

• Normal sample for patient SA221

  Whole genome sequencing of normal sample for triple negative breast cancer patient SA221

  Dataset EGAD00001009362

• Tumour sample for patient SA280

  Whole genome sequencing of tumour sample for triple negative breast cancer patient SA280

  Dataset EGAD00001009361

• Tumour sample for patient SA291

  Whole genome sequencing of tumour sample for triple negative breast cancer patient SA291

  Dataset EGAD00001009360

• Tumour sample for patient SA289

  Whole genome sequencing of tumour sample for triple negative breast cancer patient SA289

  Dataset EGAD00001009359

• Tumour sample for patient SA286

  Whole genome sequencing of tumour sample for triple negative breast cancer patient SA286

  Dataset EGAD00001009358

• Tumour sample for patient SA495

  Whole genome sequencing of tumour sample for triple negative breast cancer patient SA495

  Dataset EGAD00001009357

• Tumour sample for patient SA683

  Whole genome sequencing of tumour sample for triple negative breast cancer patient SA683

  Dataset EGAD00001009350

• Tumour sample for patient SA682

  Whole genome sequencing of tumour sample for triple negative breast cancer patient SA682

  Dataset EGAD00001009349

• Tumour sample for patient SA681

  Whole genome sequencing of tumour sample for triple negative breast cancer patient SA681

  Dataset EGAD00001009348

• Tumour sample for patient SA680

  Whole genome sequencing of tumour sample for triple negative breast cancer patient SA680

  Dataset EGAD00001009347

• Tumour sample for patient SA679

  Whole genome sequencing of tumour sample for triple negative breast cancer patient SA679

  Dataset EGAD00001009346

• Tumour sample for patient SA678

  Whole genome sequencing of tumour sample for triple negative breast cancer patient SA678

  Dataset EGAD00001009345

• Tumour sample for patient SA677

  Whole genome sequencing of tumour sample for triple negative breast cancer patient SA677

  Dataset EGAD00001009344

• Tumour sample for patient SA676

  Whole genome sequencing of tumour sample for triple negative breast cancer patient SA676

  Dataset EGAD00001009343

• Tumour sample for patient SA675

  Whole genome sequencing of tumour sample for triple negative breast cancer patient SA675

  Dataset EGAD00001009342

• Tumour sample for patient SA674

  Whole genome sequencing of tumour sample for triple negative breast cancer patient SA674

  Dataset EGAD00001009341

• Tumour sample for patient SA673

  Whole genome sequencing of tumour sample for triple negative breast cancer patient SA673

  Dataset EGAD00001009340

• Normal sample for patient SA679

  Whole genome sequencing of normal sample for triple negative breast cancer patient SA679

  Dataset EGAD00001009379