9337 results for "cancer rna-seq"

in 56.18 milliseconds.

• MDSMPN_Rearrangement_Screen

  Genomic libraries (500 bps) will be generated from total genomic DNA derived from 11 Myelodysplastic Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MDSMPN) and subjected to total of two lanes of 50 bp, paired end sequencing on the llumina HiSeq. Paired reads will be mapped to build 37 of the human reference genome to facilitate the generation of genome wide copy number information, and the identification of novel rearranged cancer genes and gene fusions.

  Study EGAS00001000034

• Acute_Myeloid_Leukemia_Sequencing

  Genomic libraries (500 bps) will be generated from total genomic DNA derived from 25 acute myeloid leukemia samples and subjected to total of eight lanes of 37 bp, paired end sequencing on the llumina GA. Paired reads will be mapped to build 37 of the human reference genome to facilitate the generation of genome wide copy number information, and the identification of novel rearranged cancer genes and gene fusions.

  Study EGAS00001000209

• Longitudinal therapy monitoring of ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer (copy number, cell-free DNA)

  Clinical courses of non-small cell lung cancer patients with ALK rearrangements (ALK+ NSCLC) vary widely. We analyzed 271 longitudinal plasma samples from 73 patients with advanced ALK+ NSCLC treated with ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors by combined hybrid-capture-based targeted sequencing (average 4,100x coverage) for mutation analysis and shallow whole genome sequencing (0.5x coverage) for global copy number profiling from cfDNA.

  Study EGAS00001004276

• Comprehensive investigation of genome architecture of papillary thyroid cancer with whole-exon sequencing in the Chinese population.

  In this study, we performed whole-exon sequencing (WES) of 50 paired PTC tumors and adjacent normal tissues to identify novel potential biomarkers. We extracted mutational signatures which induce somatic mutations. Moreover, we observed copy number changes frequently occurring in some cancer related genes. Our study covers a comprehensive genetic framework that can be used in clinical trials and treatment modalities in PTC.

  Study EGAS00001002402

• TP53 variant detection analysis in high grade serous epithelial ovarian cancer

  The aim of this study was to detect in the DNA purified from PAP test samples collected years before the diagnosis of high grade serous epithelial ovarian cancer the presence of the clonal pathogenic TP53 variant identified in the matched primary tumor biopsy. In this specific part of the study, we analyzed FFPE tumor samples to identify clonal pathogenic variants to be tested in matched PAP tests.

  Study EGAS00001004361

• Splenic_Marginal_Zone_Lymphoma_with_villous_lymphocytes_exome_sequencing

  Agilent whole exome hybridisation capture will be performed on genomic DNA derived from ~3 Splenic Marginal Zone Lymphoma with villous lymphocytes samples and matched normal DNA from the same patients. Samples will be multiplexed in one lane of Illumina HiSeq. Sequencing to a coverage of at least 30x will be performed and mapped to build 37 of the human reference genome to facilitate the identification of novel cancer genes.

  Study EGAS00001000139

• Whole genome sequencing of tumour and matched normal from patients with family history of breast cancer

  Analysis of whole genome sequencing of tumour and matched normal from familial breast cancer patients who had previously undergone clinical germline testing for variation in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. The patients were either carriers of BRCA1 or BRCA2 germline pathogenic variants or non-carriers high-risk individuals (non-BRCA1/2). Somatic mutational signatures were used to study tumour aetiology of these individuals.

  Study EGAS00001003305

• Targeted sequencing DDR genes in cancer stem cells

  Colorectal cancer stem cells (CSCs) show heterogeneous levels of constitutive replication stress leading distinct dependence on the replication stress response. The aim of the projects was to find genetic, epigenetic, phenotypic factors associated with the resistance of colorectal CSCs to inhibitors of the ATR/CHK1 pathway, which regulates of the replication stress response. Different pairs of colorectal CSCs sensitive and resistant to ATR or CHK1 inhibitors were analyzed

  Study EGAS00001004892

• Targeted sequencing of 72 prostate cancer driver in 712 plasma cell free DNA samples

  Dataset contains targeted sequencing data of 712 plasma cell free DNA samples and 428 white blood cell samples collected from 428 men with metastatic prostate cancer. Target capture was performed using a hydridization-based custom Roche SeqCap EZ Choice kit, designed to capture all exons of 72 prostate cancer driver genes. Cell free DNA was extracted from 10 mL blood samples. Libraries were sequenced using Illumina HiSeq 2500 or Illumina MiSeq instruments to a median coverage of 750x. 62% of samples had ctDNA fraction above 2% of total cfDNA. Note that "Dataset type" is erroneously listed as "Amplicon sequencing", because "Captured-based targeted sequencing" or "Hybridization-based targeted sequencing" were not available options in EGA at the time of submission.

  Dataset EGAD00001004208

• Genomic Evolution of Breast Cancer Metastasis and Relapse

  Recurrent breast cancer is almost universally fatal. We characterize 170 patients locally relapsed or distant metastatic cancers using massively parallel sequencing. We identify that the relapse-seeding clone disseminates late from the primary tumor. TP53 and AKT1 appear to be enriched in ER-positive cancers predisposed to relapse. Mutation acquisition continues at relapse as the same mutation signatures continue to operate and new signatures, such as that caused by radiotherapy appear de novo. In 49% of cases we identify drivers mutations private to the relapse and these are sampled from a wider range of cancer genes, including SWI-SNF complex and JAK-STAT signaling.

  Dataset EGAD00001002696

• Cholangiocarcinoma

  Arcagen is an EORTC/SPECTA pan-European project that aims to recruit 1000 rare cancer patients from different tumour domains of EURACAN. This study collected samples from advanced or metastatic rare cancer from patients older than 12, and analysed them using Foundation Medicine next-generation sequencing (NGS) panels (FoundationOne CDx for FFPE samples or FoundationOne Liquid CDx for blood samples). Here we are submitting two datasets that contain NGS files from gastrointestinal rare cancers (n=119): - Dataset 2 (87 patients): Intra-hepatic cholangiocarcinoma (n=47), Extra-hepatic, cholangiocarcinoma (n=16), Not specified Cholangiocarcinoma (n=9), Small bowel adenocarcinoma (n=6) and other rare GI cancer (n=9)

  Dataset EGAD00001008968

• Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumoroids reveal subgroup-specific drug vulnerabilities RNA-Seq

  Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors (ATRTs) represent a rare, but aggressive pediatric brain tumor entity. They are genetically uniquely defined by alterations in the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex members SMARCB1 or SMARCA4. ATRTs can be further classified in different molecular subgroups based on their epigenetic profiles. Although recent studies suggest that the different subgroups have distinct clinical features, subgroup-specific treatment regimens have not been developed thus far. This is hampered by the lack of pre-clinical in vitro models representative of the different molecular subgroups. Here, we describe the establishment of ATRT tumoroid models from the ATRT-MYC and ATRT-SHH subgroups. We demonstrate that ATRT tumoroids retain subgroup-specific epigenetic and gene expression profiles. High throughput drug screens on our ATRT tumoroids revealed distinct drug sensitivities between and within ATRT-MYC and ATRT-SHH subgroups. Whereas ATRT-MYC universally displayed high sensitivity to multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors, ATRT-SHH showed a more heterogeneous response with a subset showing high sensitivity to Notch inhibitors, which corresponded to high expression of Notch receptors. Our ATRT tumoroids represent the first pediatric brain tumor organoid model, providing a representative pre-clinical model which enables the development of subgroup-specific therapies.

  Study EGAS00001006866

• TRACERx Non-small cell lung cancer

  Dac EGAC00001000632

• The data access committee for Detecting Liver Cancer Using Cell-Free DNA Fragmentomes

  Dac EGAC00001003279

• The University of Hong Kong Gastric Cancer Genomics Study Data Access Committee

  Dac EGAC00001000136

• Data access committee of the Prostate Cancer Research Center, University of Tampere, Finland.

  Dac EGAC00001000423

• The University of Hong Kong Gastric Cancer Organoids Genomics Study Data Access Committee

  Dac EGAC00001000981

• Immune and Metabolic Features of Brain Metastases Melanoma (Cancer Discovery) Data Access Committee

  Dac EGAC00001001216

• Mutational Study Committee of a Taiwanese Lung Cancer Cohort (MSCTLCC)

  Dac EGAC00001001614

• Genomics to select patients with metastatic breast cancer for targeted therapy DAC

  Dac EGAC00001002293

• Cancer Clinical Research Trust DAC for the 23 WES samples of melanoma subtypes

  Dac EGAC00001002402

• Genomics characterization of BRAF-V600E colorectal cancer patients treated with anti-BRAF/EGFR

  Dac EGAC00001002669

• DAC Molecular heterogeneity and commonalities in pancreatic cancer precursors with gastric and intestinal phenotype

  Dac EGAC00001002978

• PELICAN45 and GP21 prostate cancer studies Data Access Committee

  Dac EGAC00001001309

• Submission 5 - study_title 1

  Submission 5 - description 1

  Study EGAS50000000284

• Whole-genome sequenicng of 168 paired Gastric Cancer patients (1st part) DAC

  Dac EGAC00001001145

• Submission 10 - study_title 2

  Submission 10 - description 2

  Study EGAS50000000073

• Submission 46 - study_title 2

  Submission 46 - description 2

  Study EGAS50000000437

• Submission 45 - study_title 1

  Submission 45 - description 1

  Study EGAS50000000494

• Submission 16 - study_title 2

  Submission 16 - description 2

  Study EGAS50000000503

• CGP_CORE_CELL_LINES___RNA_seq

  Graham to complete

  Study EGAS00001000828

• A Cancer Cell-Line Titration Series for Evaluating Somatic Classification

  Study EGAS00001001016

• Submission 65 - study_title 2

  Submission 65 - description 2

  Study EGAS50000000446

• Whole exome sequencing of chemotherapy-resistant muscle-invasive urothelial bladder cancer

  Study EGAS00001004231

• Transcriptomic profiling of patient-derived xenografts and organoids in prostate cancer

  Study EGAS00001004675

• Genomic Landscape of Follicular Lymphoma Across a Wide Spectrum of Clinical Behaviors

  Study EGAS00001007105

• A machine learning classifier for DNA repair defects using plasma DNA

  Study EGAS00001007006

• Cell-to-cell variability in Myc dynamics drives transcriptional heterogeneity in cancer cells

  Study EGAS00001007091

• Measuring minimal residual disease in acute myeloid leukemia with MASQ

  Study EGAS00001003732

• Association of DNA-methylation profiles with immune responses in breast cancer patients

  Study EGAS00001004211

• Genetics and transcriptomics of human acute erythroid leukemia

  Study EGAS00001004203

• AGECAN - Interespecies conservation of brain specific DNA methylation in aging and cancer

  Study EGAS00001004851

• Selective Elimination of Immunosuppressive T cells in Patients with Multiple Myeloma

  Study EGAS00001004915

• Epigenetic encoding, heritability and plasticity of glioma transcriptional cell states

  Study EGAS00001005472

• Initial cohort of 500 solid tumors screened for Basket of Baskets

  Study EGAS00001005893

• EGAD00000000053

  Sequencing data from Breast Cancer samples

  Dataset EGAD00000000053

• CNVs analysis

  kidney cancer tissue sample

  Dataset EGAD00010001536

• XClone for analyzing somatic copy number alterations

  Somatic copy number alterations (CNAs) are major mutations that contribute to the development and progression of various cancers. Despite a few computational methods proposed to detect CNAs from single-cell transcriptomic data, the technical sparsity of such data makes it challenging to identify allele-specific CNAs, particularly in complex clonal structures. In this study, we present a statistical method, XClone, that strengthens the signals of read depth and allelic imbalance by effective smoothing on cell neighborhood and gene coordinate graphs to detect haplotype-aware CNAs from scRNA-seq data. By applying XClone to multiple datasets with challenging compositions, we demonstrated its ability to robustly detect different types of allele-specific CNAs and potentially indicate whole genome duplication, therefore enabling the discovery of corresponding subclones and the dissection of their phenotypic impacts.

  Study EGAS00001007854

• PAK4 inhibition improves PD-1 blockade immunotherapy

  Introduction with rationale and aims for study Immune checkpoint blockade therapies have significantly altered the current landscape of cancer treatment. However, this immunotherapy still fails more often than it succeeds. There are now evidences that the lack of tumour infiltration by immune cells is the main mechanism of primary resistance to PD‐1 blockade therapies for cancer. It has been postulated that cancer cell‐intrinsic mechanisms may actively exclude T cells from tumours, suggesting that the finding of actionable molecules that could be inhibited to increase T cell infiltration may synergize with checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy. With the idea of finding potential drivers of immune exclusion, we performed RNA sequencing analysis of biopsies from melanoma patients and compared the transcriptomic differences of samples that where infiltrated with those that did not have immune infiltration. Methods RNAseq analysis of gene expressions on biopsies from melanoma patients treated with checkpoint blockade were analysed. We focused on the variable of "infiltration: yes or no,", e.g. tumors that were well infiltrated by immune cells with those that kept immune cells out. Sequencing revealed a list of genes whose expression differed between the infiltrated and noninfiltrated tumors. The kinase PAK4 stood out as a good candidate for inhibition treatment in the future as it was consistently enriched in the samples without immune infiltration. To test whether immunotherapy would work better if we deleted PAK4, we first knocked out PAK4, using CRISPR‐Cas9, in the ‐resistant melanoma cell line, B16. Then they injected the melanoma cells into mice and observed that PAK4 KO tumours now responded to PD‐1 blockade. In order to elucidate whether pharmacological inhibition of PAK4 could recapitulate the results observed in the B16 PAK4 KO tumours, we obtained the PAK4 inhibitor, KPT-9274, from Karyopharm Therapeutics. Indeed, inhibiting PAK4 in combination with anti‐PD‐1 immunotherapy significantly slowed the growth of the B16 melanomas more than either drug alone. Results and Conclusions Transcriptomic analysis of melanoma tumors that were well infiltrated by immune cells with those that kept immune cells out revealed a list of genes whose expression differed between the infiltrated and non-infiltrated tumours. The result suggests that p21 activated kinase 4 (PAK4) is enriched in non-responding tumour biopsies with low T cell and dendritic cell infiltration. In addition, PAK4 decreased WNT activity, a signalling pathway that has previously been involved in immune exclusion. In mouse models, genetic deletion of PAK4 increased T cell infiltration and reversed resistance to PD‐1 blockade in a CD8 T cell-dependent manner. Furthermore, combination of with the PAK4 inhibitor, KPT-9274, improved anti‐tumour responses compared to anti‐PD‐1 alone. Therefore, high PAK4 expression is correlated with low T cell and dendritic cell infiltration and lack of response to PD‐1 blockade, which could be reversed with PAK4 inhibition. The data establish a rationale for targeting this kinase with inhibitors in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors for patients. Future work and data that we can anticipate for this study Oncogenic signalling pathways and specially the WNT signalling pathway, have been associated with lack of immune infiltration and resistance to PD‐1 blockade therapies. Here, we show that PAK4 overcome resistance to PD‐1 blockade while significantly decreases WNT signalling activity. Therefore, it constitutes the first potential druggable target that is able to reverse oncogenic driven immune cell exclusion. However, the fully mechanism whereby PAK4 sensitizes tumours to immunotherapy remains to be fully elucidated. It is necessary to address whether PAK4 inhibition overcomes resistance through WNT signalling inhibition or if other signalling pathways are involved in the observed phenotype.

  Study phs001919

• Single nucleus RNA sequencing of squamous cell carcinoma arising from mature teratoma of the ovary

  Squamous cell carcinoma arising from mature teratoma is one of the rare ovarian cancers. Therefore, the detailed molecular background of this disease has not been elucidated. The purpose of this study is to investigate the single-cell transcriptional landscape of this disease.

  Study JGAS000521

• DCM-cases

  DCM-cases (149 human DCM samples) human heart biopsies from 149 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) were subjected to RNA sequencing in order to assess transcriptome variation. We used Illumina HiSeq2000 technology. Each sample-dataset contains the output from tophat-1.4.1 (one *.bam file with the aligned reads and two *.fq files one with the not aligned forward read and one with the revers unaligned reads). We reveal extensive differences of gene expression and splicing between dilated cardiomyopathy patients and controls.

  Dataset EGAD00001003390

• DCM-controls

  DCM-controls (113 human non-DCM samples) human heart biopsies from 113 non-diseased controls were subjected to RNA sequencing in order to assess transcriptome variation. We used Illumina HiSeq2000 technology. Each sample-dataset contains the output from tophat-1.4.1 (one *.bam file with the aligned reads and two *.fq files one with the not aligned forward read and one with the revers unaligned reads). We reveal extensive differences of gene expression and splicing between dilated cardiomyopathy patients and controls.

  Dataset EGAD00001003391

• ETMR_Nanostring

  Total RNA (100ng) from 21 ETMRs with C19MC structural alterations and 28 other PBTs was prepared with nCounter miRNA Sample Prep Kit according to standard protocol. miRNA expression profiling was conducted with human v1, v2, or v3 miRNA panel on nCounter miRNA expression platform (NanoString Technologies, Seattle, WA) according to manufacturer’s protocol. Signal normalization was done using nSolver Analysis and batch corrected using ComBat (Johnson et al. Biostatistics. 2007). 565 miRNAs overlapped between all three versions and was used for further analyses. Fold change and supervised t-test with FDR correction was calculated between the ETMRs and other PBTs.

  Dataset EGAD00010001701

• PIVUS study - Longitudinal transcriptomics - Advanced aging

  We performed RNA sequencing in whole-blood from the same 65 individuals from the PIVUS study at ages 70 and 80 (130 samples) to quantify how gene expression, alternative splicing, and their genetic regulation are altered during this 10-year period of advanced aging. Each individual has four fastq files, two for each age. Consecutive sample IDs refer to the sample individual, e.g. PIVUS003 and PIVUS004 are the age 70 and age 80 samples of the first individual.

  Dataset EGAD00001004965

• Targeted gene panel sequencing of matched diagnosis-remission-relapse B cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia samples

  Bone marrow mononuclear cells from patients diagnosed with B cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia were obtained at three sequential time points: first diagnosis, remission after chemotherapy and relapse. Genomic DNA was isolated and targeted gene panel sequencing was performed using a customized biotinylated RNA oligo pool (SureSelect, Agilent, Santa Clara, California) to hybridize the target regions comprising 362 kbp on a HiSeq2000. Target regions were selected to validate mutations previously identified in these samples using whole exome sequencing.

  Dataset EGAD00001004977

• Next Generation Sequencing Characterization of Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitors Cells in Human Systemic Lupus Eryhtematosus

  This dataset contains RNA-sequencing of Bone marrow-derived CD34+ cells from Healthy Controls (n=2) and SLE patients (n=8). SLE patients are divided into two categories based on severity: patients with moderate/mild disease (n=3) and patients with severe disease (n=5). Libraries were generated using the Illumina TruSeq Sample Preparation kit v2. Single-end 75-bp mRNA sequencing was performed on Illumina NextSeq 500. The raw fastq files are uploaded.

  Dataset EGAD00001005052

• Mapping genetic variants underlying gene regulation in healthy intestinal cell types to identify novel IBD drug targets (2020-05-12)

  Biopsies from the terminal ileum and rectum of healthy individuals are digested on ice to single cells and processed for single-cell RNA-sequencing (10X Genomics and Illumina) This data is part of a pre-publication release. For information on the proper use of pre-publication data shared by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (including details of any publication moratoria), please see http://www.sanger.ac.uk/datasharing/ . This dataset contains all the data available for this study on 2020-05-12.

  Dataset EGAD00001006139

• Detection of Gene Fusions using Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing

  Five commercially available parallel sequencing assays were evaluated for their ability to detect gene fusions in eight cell lines and 18 FFPE tissue samples carrying a variety of known gene fusions. Four RNA-based assays and one DNA-based assay were compared; two were hybrid capture-based, TruSight Tumor 170 Assay (Illumina) and SureSelect XT HS Custom Panel (Agilent), and three were amplicon-based, Archer FusionPlex Lung Panel (ArcherDX), QIAseq RNAscan Custom Panel (Qiagen) and Oncomine Focus Assay (Thermo Fisher Scientific).

  Dataset EGAD00001006913

• single cell RNA sequencing of resting and IAV-stimulated mononuclear phagocytes of Africans and Europeans

  CD14+ monocytes from 4 African and 4 Europeans individuals with varying degree of ex-vivo susceptibility to Influenza, were either stimulated with Influenza A virus, or left resting. Cells from all 16 samples were collected at 4 time points (0, 2, 4, 6h post infection), and pooled across 13 libraries. Samples were processed on the 10x chromium with 3' reagents kits, V3 chemistry and sequenced with Hiseq X ten.

  Dataset EGAD00001006938

• Single cell study of infant leukemias

  We have performed single cell RNA-sequencing for infant and childhood B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemias as well as infant acute myeloid leukemias at diagnosis. The sequencing was performed with 10X Chromium single cell 3’ and 5’ chemistry.

  Dataset EGAD00001007854

• Patient-derived gene and protein expression signatures of NGLY1 deficiency

  Single-end bulk RNA sequencing results of cell lines derived from patients described with NGLY1 deficiency as well as parent and CRISPR edited controls. The cell lines represent 4 different cell types: fibroblasts, lymphoblastoid cells, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and neural progenitor cells (NPCs.).

  Dataset EGAD00001008094

• Expression quantitative trait locus mapping in human pancreatic islets of Langerhans

  The intersection of genome-wide association analyses with physiological and functional data indicates that variants regulating islet gene transcription influence type 2 diabetes (T2D) predisposition and glucose homeostasis. However, the specific genes through which these regulatory variants act remain poorly characterized. To identify such effector transcripts for T2D and glycemic traits, we generated expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) data in 118 human islet samples using RNA-sequencing and high-density genotyping.

  Dataset EGAD00001001601

• Sequencing data for oesophageal and related samples - Xiaodun Li et al (WGS, RNA)

  Data supporting: "Esophageal adenocarcinoma organoid cultures recapitulate human disease heterogeneity and provide a model for clonality studies and precision therapeutics." Li et al. WGS (BAM files) RNAseq (BAM files) Tumours, organoids, normals

  Dataset EGAD00001004007

• Sequencing data for oesophageal and related samples - Ogden et al (WGS, RNA)

  Data supporting: "Widespread reorganisation of the regulatory chromatin landscape facilitates resistance to inhibition of oncogenic ERBB2 signalling" Ogden et al. WGS for tumour and normal samples. RNAseq for tumour samples.

  Dataset EGAD00001007496

• Single-cell GoT sequencing from CH, MDS and AML patients with CH mutations

  Single-cell targeted amplicon RNA sequencing from CH (n = 3), MDS (n = 6, MDS02 in 2 replicates) and AML (n =1, in 2 replicates) samples with mutations in splicing factors (SF3B1 - n = 8 [2 -CH, 6 MDS], U2AF1 n = 1) or transcription regulators (DNMT3A - CH04). The transcripts are targeted to detect a particular CH mutation in the listed genes. U2AF1 GoT are full-length cDNA, while the rest follow the 10x 3' V3 protocol.

  Dataset EGAD00001011284

• Next Generation Sequencing Characterization of Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitors Cells in Human Systemic Lupus Eryhtematosus (2)

  This dataset contains RNA-sequencing of Bone marrow-derived CD34+ cells from Healthy Controls (n=2) and SLE patients (n=10). SLE patients are divided into two categories based on severity: patients with moderate/mild disease (n=4) and patients with severe disease (n=6). Libraries were generated using the Illumina TruSeq Sample Preparation kit v2. Single-end 75-bp mRNA sequencing was performed on Illumina NextSeq 500. The raw fastq files are uploaded.

  Dataset EGAD00001009744

• CIDR: NCI Genome Wide Predictors of Survival in Colorectal Cancer

  CIDR/Molecular Correlates: This study genotyped archived blood samples from colorectal cancer cases participating in clinical trials. The goals of this project were to identify genetic variants associated with survival outcomes treatment and treatment-related severe adverse events among patients with colorectal cancer. Another goal was to examine the impact of adding information on germline genetic loci to existing prognostic models. MOSAIC: Multicenter International Study of Oxaliplatin/ 5FU-LV in the Adjuvant Treatment of Colon Cancer (MOSAIC). A randomized, open label efficacy trial to evaluate the FOLFOX regimen versus LV5FU2 in the adjuvant treatment of stage II and III colon cancer. The primary end point was disease-free survival. CPT.ES1.604: Randomized phase 3 study of weekly irinotecan plus high-dose 5-fluorouracil (FUIRI) versus biweekly irinotecan plus 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin (FOLFIRI) as first-line chemotherapy for patients with metastatic CRC. The aim of this study was to demonstrate that a regimen without leucovorin (LV) (FUIRI) is not inferior to the standard FOLFIRI (response rate). 03-TTD-01: The purpose of this phase III, multicenter, randomized, open-label study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of combination therapy with capecitabine and oxaliplatin (XELOX) vs. oxaliplatin and 5-fluorouracil in continous infusion (5-FU CI) as first line treatment in advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer. The primary outcome measure is time to disease progression. Secondary outcome measures are to determine safety of combination, objective response rate, time to onset of response, duration of response, time to treatment failure, one year survival time, and overall survival time. 03-TTD-01: The purpose of this phase III, multicenter, randomized, open-label study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of combination therapy with capecitabine and oxaliplatin (XELOX) vs. oxaliplatin and 5-fluorouracil in continous infusion (5-FU CI) as first line treatment in advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer. The primary outcome measure is time to disease progression. Secondary outcome measures are to determine safety of combination, objective response rate, time to onset of response, duration of response, time to treatment failure, one year survival time, and overall survival time. N0147: Randomized phase III clinical trial for adjuvant therapy in stage III colon cancer patients enrolled at institutions across North America. Originally designed to compare three different chemotherapy regimens, and then later expanded to evaluate adding cetuximab to each original arm (leading to six total arms). Further modification later added pre-screening for KRAS mutation status, with the resulting goal to assess the potential benefit of cetuximab added to the modified sixth version of the FOLFOX regimen (mFOLFOX6) in patients with resected stage III wild-type KRAS colon cancer. Main outcome of interest is disease-free survival in patients with wild-type KRAS, while secondary end points included overall survival and toxicity. N9741: Randomized phase III trial to compare the effectiveness of various combination chemotherapy regimens in treating patients who have advanced, recurrent, or metastatic colorectal cancer that cannot be treated with surgery or radiation therapy. C-08: A Phase III Clinical Trial Comparing Infusional 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), Leucovorin, and Oxaliplatin (mFOLFOX6) Every Two Weeks With Bevacizumab to the Same Regimen Without Bevacizumab For the Treatment of Patients With Resected Stages II and III Carcinoma of the Colon. The primary aim of the trial was to compare the relative efficacy of mFOLFOX6 + bevacizumab with that of mFOLFOX6 alone in prolonging disease-free survival and the secondary aim was to compare the relative efficacy of mFOLFOX6 + bevacizumab with that of mFOLFOX6 alone in prolonging survival.

  Study phs001290

• Submission 17 - study_title 1

  Submission 17 - description 1

  Study EGAS50000000021

• Submission 14 - study_title 1

  Submission 14 - description 1

  Study EGAS50000000044

• Barts Cancer Institute - Follicular Lymphoma Whole Genome Sequencing Project Data Access Committee

  Dac EGAC00001000086

• Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center - Human Oncology & Pathogenesis Program (HOOP) - Data Access Committee

  Dac EGAC00001000305

• Functional Genomics Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research DAC - TP53 mutation data in ovarian cancer

  Dac EGAC00001000589

• The data access committee for genome-wide cell-free DNA fragmentation in patients with cancer

  Dac EGAC00001001180

• Microbiome confounders and quantitative profiling challenge established microbial targets in colorectal cancer developmental stages

  Study EGAS00001007413

• The University of Hong Kong Gastric Cancer Organoids RHO Signaling Study Data Access Committee

  Dac EGAC00001002705

• The genomic imprint of cancer therapies helps timing the formation of metastases

  Study EGAS00001003416

• Submission 115 - study_title 1

  Submission 115 - description 1

  Study EGAS50000000163

• Childhood B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia genomic and transcriptomic data

  Study EGAS00001006863

• Leveraging intratumor heterogeneity in locally advanced prostate cancer to identify molecular processes driving metastasis

  Study EGAS00001006715

• Sequencing_of_rare_human_histiocytic_tumour

  Sequencing of rare human histiocytic tumour

  Study EGAS00001000591

• Whole-genome and transcriptome sequencing of blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm

  Study EGAS00001003660

• Low_Coverage_Sequencing_of_rare_human_histiocytic_tumour

  Sequencing of rare human histiocytic tumour

  Study EGAS00001000768

• Primary_angiosarcoma_Whole_Genome_Sequencing

  Whole genome sequencing of primary angiosarcoma

  Study EGAS00001000851

• Targeted next-generation sequencing of 13 chordoid gliomas of the third ventricle

  Study EGAS00001002733

• Stromal cell diversity associated with immune evasion in human triple‐negative breast cancer

  Study EGAS00001005061

• Genome-wide DNA Copy Number Analysis of high hyperdiploid acute lymphoblastic leukemia

  Study EGAS00001007049

• Detection of Gene Fusions using Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing – a Comparative Evaluation

  Study EGAS00001004934

• Organoid Models of Human Liver Cancers Derived from Tumor Needle Biopsies

  Study EGAS00001003115

• Mixed Histology Lung Cancers Driven by Transcriptomic Features rather than Genomic Characteristics

  Study EGAS00001005140

• Multiscale heterogeneity in gastric adenocarcinoma evolution is an obstacle to precision medicine

  Study EGAS00001004525

• Submission 80 - study_title 1

  Submission 80 - description 1

  Study EGAS50000000118

• Multi Omics of glioma in the the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) project

  Study EGAS00001004729

• TK-EPN862 - Patient-dervied xenograft model of Posterior Fossa A Ependymoma - WGS

  Study EGAS00001006843

• Bladder cancer sequencing data

  Dataset EGAD00001001036

• How upcycled prostate cancer sequences enabled key findings on telomeres length

  The length of telomeres, the chromosomes’ end tails, as depicted in the figure below, physiologically shorten with aging. This means that younger cells have longer telomeres compared to their aged counterparts; one could say that the length of cells’ telomeres is a measure of their replicative power. Cancer cells are known to be able to turn this into their favour, and expand their replicative immortality through telomere lengthening and maintenance. Despite being a well-studied pan-cancer hallmark, the relation of the telomeres length to specific cancer genomic features is poorly understood. Julia Livingstone and her colleagues from P.C. Boutros' team in Los Angeles focused their work on prostate cancer. To investigate the relations between telomere length and the clinico-genomics of prostate tumours, they used whole genome sequencing (WGS) of 392 published tumour–reference pairs previously deposited at the EGA under accession numbers EGAS00001000400 and EGAS00001000900. Their work was published on Nature Communications in November 2021. They determined the telomere length of the sequencing sample, from both tumour and non-tumour adjacent tissues, and subsequently ran statistical analysis to investigate possible correlation between the telomeres length with several cancer features. The team discovered that telomeres length does not correlate with any specific driver gene mutation, but it does with the overall frequency of single nucleotides variants in a sample. This finding suggests that tumours with shorter telomeres accumulate more mutations without strong selective pressures for specific ones. While proliferation rate did not correlate directly with telomere length, methylation of almost half of all genes strongly did. The team’s results are massive and reveal a complicated and fascinating relation of different clinical and genomic features of prostate cancer with telomere length. In the paper discussion, they smartly consider different possibilities. As noted above, all these amazing results have been obtained analysing previously sequenced samples. Remarkably, the researchers who generated the samples did not focus at all on telomeres length. They indeed studied specific genes mutations and the features of early and late-onset prostate cancer. This proves, once again, the power of sequencing data re-use. This data is tremendously rich in information, and can hardly be exhausted with any number of analyses. Generating sequencing data, especially Whole Genome Sequencing, even better if tumor-reference paired, is like shopping every last article at the grocery store. You can then cook several recipes, or prepare a seven-course dinner, and still have ingredients left for someone else to borrow and cook something you have not thought about, a recipe that is just not in your cookbook. Noteworthy, the data retrieved from the EGA for this paper is associated with rich and complete metadata, meaning pheno-clinical information regarding the sample donors. As Julia Livingstone and her team wrote, using rich clinical annotations enabled them to assess the relationship between telomere length and patients outcome. This highlights once again the importance of reporting and annotating metadata correctly; It might feel like extra work for the researchers depositing their data, but it really has a huge value. Our team at the EGA is currently working to improve the metadata annotation process, with the aim to maximize the benefits for the scientific community.

  Blog prostate-cancer-sequences-enabled-key-findings-on-telomeres-length

• cfDNA dataset from the urine supernatant of ovarian cancer patients and healthy controls

  Background Ovarian cancer is the deadliest gynecological malignancy worldwide, due to frequent diagnosis at advanced stage. Simple and non-invasive methods for earlier and accurate detection are urgently needed. Here, the presence of tumor-derived DNA in home-collected urine, cervicovaginal self-samples and clinician-taken cervical scrapes of ovarian cancer patients was explored by DNA methylation and copy number analysis. Methods A total of 428 samples (urine, cervicovaginal self-samples, and clinician-taken cervical scrapes) of 110 healthy controls and 54 patients with benign (n=25) or malignant (n=29) ovarian masses were analyzed. Different urine fractions were examined (full void urine, urine supernatant, and urine sediment). All samples were tested for 12 methylation markers by quantitative methylation-specific PCR. Shallow whole-genome sequencing was performed to detect copy number aberrations and verify the presence of tumor-derived DNA. Results Full void urine was most discriminatory between healthy controls and ovarian cancer patients (C2CD4D, p=0.008; CDO1, p=0.022; MAL, p=0.008), followed by cervical scrapes (C2CD4D, p=0.001; CDO1, p=0.004). A significant difference between benign and malignant ovarian masses was only observed for GHSR in the urine sediment (p=0.024). Methylation levels in cervicovaginal self-samples did not discriminate between healthy controls, benign and malignant ovarian masses. Copy number changes were identified in 17% of urine supernatant samples and smaller fragment sizes were seen in urine supernatant samples with a high tumor fraction. Conclusions This study demonstrates the presence of ovarian cancer-derived DNA in home-collected urine. Additional studies are warranted to further explore the clinical applicability of this approach.

  Study EGAS00001007238

• Systems biology of Colorectal Cancer

  Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers in both males and females, and it is perhaps the best understood of all epithelial tumors in terms of its molecular origin. Yet, despite large amount of work that has concentrated on understanding of colon tumorigenesis, we still do not know the full complement of molecular lesions that are individually necessary – and together sufficient – to cause colorectal cancer. Neither do we understand why some specific mutations that are relatively rare in other tumors (e.g. loss of the APC tumor suppressor) are extremely common in colorectal cancer. We propose here to use the tools of systems biology to develop a quantitative and comprehensive model of colorectal tumorigenesis. The model will include identification of cell-type specific and oncogenic pathways that contribute to colon tumorigenesis, and explain in molecular detail how a genotype of an individual CRC leads to activation of downstream genes that drive uncontrolled cell growth. This model will subsequently be used to find novel therapeutic targets, to guide genetic screening to identify individuals with elevated risk for developing CRC, and to classify patients into molecular subgroups to select the treatment combination that is optimal for each patient (personalized medicine). The specific objectives of the SYSCOL project are: 1. Identify genetic markers for individual risk using genotyping and sequencing of constitutional DNA from sporadic and familial CRC cases and controls 2. Identify genes and regulatory elements that contribute to colorectal cancer cell growth 3. Use data from Aims 1-2 to develop a quantitative model for colorectal tumorigenesis 4. Apply the model for identification of high-risk individuals, for molecular classification of the disease, and for identification of novel molecular treatment targets

  Study EGAS00001000854

• Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Precursor Study

  Esophageal cancer is the sixth most common cause of cancer death in the world. High-risk areas occur across central Asia and from eastern to southern Africa, and in these populations, nearly all of the cases are esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). ESCC has a dismal prognosis, largely because symptoms usually appear late in the course of the disease, when the tumors are incurable. Early detection and treatment of curable precursor lesions and early invasive ESCC in asymptomatic high-risk adults offers the potential for long-term survival and reduced mortality from this disease. Previous studies have shown that routine cytology of non-endoscopically collected esophageal cell samples is not sensitive and specific enough to be clinically useful, so we are now looking for molecular markers of high-grade esophageal squamous dysplasia (HGD), the proven clinically important precursor lesion of ESCC, that can be used to increase the accuracy and utility of this initial screening exam. National Cancer Institute (NCI) and Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) began collaborative studies of ESCC since the mid-1980s in China. The present proposal is designed to characterize the type and prevalence of DNA mutations in tissue samples of HGD and to establish biologic and questionnaire resources for further study. The proposed study has two components, a field study to obtain questionnaire data and biological samples, and a genomic analysis to perform sequencing of the biological samples and bioinformatics analysis of the sequencing. 

  Study phs002814

• Genomic Alterations in Gingivo-buccal Cancer: ICGC-India Project_YR01

  As a part of the ICGC, India has undertaken genomic studies on gingivobuccal cancer of the oral cavity, which is the most prevalent form of cancer among men in India. There are various known environmental (life-style) correlates of this cancer, the most important of which are tobacco chewing and HPV infection. Paired DNA samples – isolated from the tumor tissue and from the blood of fifty patients – have been analyzed to catalog germline and somatic mutations. Association between each observed genomic alteration and exposure to environmental risk factors is being explored.Detailed clinical characterization of the patients, collection of data on demographic and environmental exposures, and isolation of DNA samples from blood and tumor tissues collected from each patient are being done at the Advanced Centre for Research, Treatment and Education on Cancer, Mumbai. Exome capture and deep resequencing are being performed at the National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani. We have analyzed the exomes of paired blood and tumor DNA samples using two orthogonal platforms – exome capture by Roche-Nimblegen SeqCap Ez kit followed by sequencing on Roche-454 GS FLX, and exome capture by Illumina TrueSeq Exome Enrichment kit followed by sequencing on Illumina HiSeq-2000. Each exome is being sequenced at a mean depth of 30x. In addition, we have used Illumina Omni Quad SNP-chips to generate genotype data at 1.14 million genomic markers. The average concordance between SNP-chip and sequence data is 99.8%.

  Study EGAS00001000249

• Identification of the mutational consequences of precancerous liver disease (including alcohol abuse) on the genomes of human adult stem cells.

  Stem cells are believed to be the cells-of-origin cancer. Nevertheless, their genome remains remarkably stable during life. To increase insight into how these cells can drive tumorigenesis, we set out to determine the genomic integrity of human adult stem cells from patients with liver disease associated with increased cancer risk. To this end, we characterized genome-wide mutation profiles of single ASCs from livers of patients with alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic liver disease and primary sclerosing cholangitis. The patients included in our study received a liver transplant due to their liver disease. Strikingly, we found that ASCs in these livers maintain a stable genome and have comparable mutation rates as healthy human liver ASCs. We did observe more nonsense and nonsynonymous mutations in COSMIC cancer genes that are hit by dominant mutations in tumors in comparison to healthy ASCs (n.s.), including two ASCs in alcoholic liver disease patients with a nonsense mutation in PTPRK. Next, we sequenced 5 biopsies of an alcoholic tumour to identify the mutational patterns in the tumour-initiating ASC. We found that the mutational patterns are, again, similar to healthy liver, but the mutational load is slightly higher. This suggests that the increased cancer risk in the liver disease patients is not caused by an increased mutational load, but rather that the precancerous liver environment promotes outgrowth of cells that would normally be selected against.

  Study EGAS00001002983