6048 results for "canc*"

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• Lineage Heterogeneity and Plasticity in Lung Cancer

  Our previous studies found lung cancer cells harboring amplification of lineage oncogenes are specifically dependent on their expression for survival. The need for lineage amplified genes in a subset of cancers suggests unique vulnerabilities in cancer cells that may be poised on the brink of survival. However, these amplifications represent only a minor subset of the two major subtypes of lung cancers. Therefore, this study focuses on the lineage factors that are essential during the development and control cell identity in adult cells, in the remaining subsets of lung cancers. Through genome-wide profiling of a histone marks, we identified ‘super-enhancers' (SE) on lineage-defining transcription factor genes. Subsequent hierarchical clustering of lung cancer samples identified SEs specific to subsets of lung cancers. We aim to understand the significance of factors defining the lineage state of the newly defined subsets of lung cancers.

  Study phs004458

• PIGR+RORC+ Dendritic Cells (PRDCs) are an Immunomodulatory Subset Enriched in Malignant Ascites

  Malignant ascites is caused by the peritoneal dissemination of cancer and associated with a poor prognosis. We sought to identify unique features of the ascites microenvironment and leveraged single-cell RNA sequencing in patients with ascites from gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma. We identified a dendritic cell (DC) subset that expresses RORC and found that this subset exists in low abundance in human tissues but is enriched in malignant ascites from multiple tumor histologies. Cellular Indexing of Transcriptomes and Epitopes by sequencing (CITEseq) data from ascites samples and matched PBMCs are available through dbGaP.

  Study phs004309

• Proteogenomic Analysis of CALGB40601 (ALLIANCE) a Neoadjuvant Phase III HER2-Positive Breast Cancer Trial

  80 frozen core needle biopsies from 54 HER2+ breast cancer patients from the CALGB 40601 trial (NCT00770809) were processed for proteogenomic analysis to identify genes, proteins, and phosphosites associated with pathological complete response to neodjuvant anti-HER2 therapies. The final set included 22 patients treated with trastuzumab plus lapatinib in combination with pacletaxel (THL arm), 24 patients treated with trastuzumab in combination with pacletaxel (TH arm), and 8 patients treated lapatinib in combination with pacletaxel (TL arm). Principal findings of this study included identifying negative cases misdiagnosed as HER2+ that did not respond to targeted therapy and observing higher levels of two biomarker candidates in non-pCR tumors. Mass spec-based proteomics and phosphoproteomics data generated from 75 biopsies (all 54 patients) will be made available via the Proteomic Data Commons. Whole exome- (67 biopsies from 49 patients) and RNA-sequencing (52 biopsies from 39 patients) data for the subset profiled with proteogenomics will be made available through dbGaP, but genomic and transcriptomic profiling data for the whole cohort has previously been deposited (phs001570).

  Study phs003576

• Genomic Characterization CS-MATCH-0007 Arm Z1B

  The CS-MATCH-0007 protocol is part of a collaboration between the Center for Cancer Genomics (CCG) and the Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis (DCTD) to perform whole-exome sequencing and RNA sequencing using pre-and post-treatment tumor biopsy specimens from patients enrolled on a treatment arm of the NCI-MATCH Clinical Trial (EAY131). The goal of this study is to identify the molecular basis for response and resistance to targeted therapies that are matched to specific genomic alterations found in their cancers. Arm Z1B is one of the treatment sub-protocols within the NCI-MATCH Clinical Trial (EAY131) where patients with CCND1, CCND2, and/or CCND3 amplifications are treated with Palbociclib. This subprotocol is one of the treatment arms included in the CS-MATCH-0007 protocol and will provide specimens for the program including DNA from tumor tissue and whole blood.

  Study phs002180

• NCTN: A Randomized Phase III Trial of Endocrine Therapy plus Entinostat/Placebo in Patients with Hormone Receptor-Positive Advanced Breast Cancer (E2112)

  Study ID: E2112NCT Number: NCT02115282 ECOG-ACRIN Cancer Research GroupSubmitted in collaboration with the NCTN/NCORP Data ArchiveTrial Title: NCTN: A Randomized Phase III Trial of Endocrine Therapy plus Entinostat/Placebo in Patients with Hormone Receptor-Positive Advanced Breast Cancer (E2112)Trial Description: This randomized phase III trial studies exemestane and entinostat to see how well they work compared to exemestane alone in treating patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer that has spread to nearby tissue or lymph nodes (locally advanced) or another place in the body (metastatic). Estrogen can cause the growth of breast cancer cells. Endocrine therapy using exemestane may fight breast cancer by lowering the amount of estrogen the body makes. Entinostat may stop the growth of tumor cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth. It is not yet known whether exemestane is more effective with or without entinostat in treating breast cancer. Clinical data presented in the following publication(s):PMID 34357781 Disease type(s): Breast Neoplasm - Breast Cancer - InvasiveBreast Neoplasm - Breast Neoplasm, MiscellaneousClinical dataset(s) included:NCT02115282-D1 (PMID 34357781): There are two datasets for PMID 34357781. This dataset, NCT02115282-D1, contains baseline characteristics, stratification factors, ER and PgR status, treatment, lysine acetylation, grade 5 toxicity, and efficacy data. NCT02115282-D2 (PMID 34357781): There are two datasets for PMID 34357781. This dataset, NCT02115282-D2, contains toxicity data. You are encouraged to view the PDF data dictionaries found in the “Documents” tab of the dbGaP study page, which may contain additional information regarding the data or the associated publication(s).

  Study phs004252

• Childhood Cancer Data Initiative (CCDI): Texas Pediatric Patient Derived Xenograft 

  The DNA/RNA samples of patients for which PDX models were developed were from a population of children, adolescents, and young adults from South Texas. Consent was obtained for collection of malignant and non-malignant tissue samples for genetic analysis and for the development of models to study new ways to treat cancer. For additional details, please refer to these publications: PMID: 37915590; PMID: 37990009.

  Study phs003215

• Acute Venous Thrombosis: Thrombus Removal With Adjunctive Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis (ATTRACT-BioLINCC)

  Data Access NOTE: Please refer to the “Authorized Access” section below for information about how access to the data from this accession differs from many other dbGaP accessions. ObjectivesTo determine whether pharmacomechanical thrombolysis prevents post-thrombotic syndrome in patients with proximal deep-vein thrombosis.BackgroundDespite the use of anticoagulant therapy, post-thrombotic syndrome develops within 2 years in approximately half of patients with proximal deep-vein thrombosis (DVT). Small randomized trials have suggested that active removal of acute thrombus may preserve venous function and prevent post-thrombotic syndrome.Pharmacomechanical catheter-directed thrombolysis (hereafter “pharmacomechanical thrombolysis”) is the delivery of a fibrinolytic drug into the thrombus with concomitant thrombus aspiration or maceration. This method is thought to be safer, more effective, and more efficient than previous methods. However, the question of whether this method improves long-term DVT patient outcomes with acceptable risk and cost had not yet been addressed.ParticipantsPatients with symptomatic proximal deep-vein thrombosis involving the femoral, common femoral, or iliac vein (with or without other involved ipsilateral veins) were enrolled at 56 clinical centers in the United States. Patients were excluded if they were younger than 16 or older than 75 years of age, were pregnant, had had symptoms for more than 14 days, were at high bleeding risk, had active cancer, had established post-thrombotic syndrome, or had had ipsilateral deep-vein thrombosis in the previous 2 years.A total of 692 patients underwent randomization. 337 patients were assigned to the pharmacomechanical-thrombolysis group and 355 patients were assigned to the control group.DesignATTRACT was a phase 3, multicenter, randomized, open-label, assessor-blinded, controlled clinical trial. Patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to the pharmacomechanical-thrombolysis group or the control group. Randomization was stratified according to clinical center and thrombus extent. Patients in each treatment group received initial and long-term anticoagulant therapy consistent with published guidelines and were provided sized-to-fit, knee-high, elastic compression stockings providing 30 to 40 mm Hg of pressure at the 10-day follow-up visit and every 6 months.For patients in the pharmacomechanical-thrombolysis group, recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) at a dose of The severity of the post-thrombotic syndrome was evaluated at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months with the use of the Villalta scale and the Venous Clinical Severity Score (in both measures, higher scores indicating more severe post-thrombotic syndrome). Patient-reported health-related quality of life at baseline and 24 months was assessed with the use of the generic Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) and the venous disease–specific Venous Insufficiency Epidemiological and Economic Study Quality of Life (VEINES-QOL) measure. Leg pain and leg swelling at baseline, 10 days, and 30 days were assessed with the use of a 7-point Likert pain scale (with higher scores indicating more severe pain) and by measuring calf circumference, respectively. Safety outcomes included bleeding, recurrent venous thromboembolism, and death, which were reported throughout follow-up and summarized through 10 days and 24 months. The clinical personnel who performed assessments of efficacy outcomes and the adjudicators of safety and efficacy outcomes were unaware of the treatment assignments.The primary outcome was development of post-thrombotic syndrome as defined by a Villalta score of 5 or higher or an ulcer in the leg with the index deep-vein thrombosis, at any time between the 6-month follow-up visit and the 24-month follow-up visit. Conclusions In conclusion, among patients with acute proximal deep-vein thrombosis, the addition of pharmacomechanical catheter-directed thrombolysis to anticoagulation did not result in a lower risk of post-thrombotic syndrome but did result in a higher risk of major bleeding (Vedantham S, Goldhaber SZ, Julian JA, et al., N Engl J Med. 2017;377(23):2240-2252).

  Study phs004818

• Dissecting the Role of the Microenvironment in Follicular Lymphoma Transformation

  Follicular lymphoma is a generally indolent cancer, but histologic transformation to a more aggressive histology such as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is associated with poor outcomes. Transformation is associated with loss of the normal lymph node organizing architecture, but the precise molecular changes to the tumor microenvironment remain poorly understood. Here we applied single-cell RNA sequencing technologies on patients with indolent and transformed follicular lymphoma to identify transformation-associated signatures in the tumor, immune, and stromal microenvironment.

  Study phs004175

• Genomics Studies of AML in Patients Older than 60 Years of Age (ECOG-ACRIN Cancer Research Group's Clinical Trial e3999)

  Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is a disease of old age with a median diagnosis age of 69 years (SEER data 2024). Despite progress in our field, as patients age, they suffer from worse clinical outcomes compared to younger patients. A better understanding of disease biology is needed to yield discoveries that will contribute to the identification of therapeutic vulnerabilities in this aged population, and in the long-term, result in improved survival rates. Although AML patients older than 60 are most of the patients diagnosed with this disease, few studies have solely focused on the molecular features of this disease in the aged population. This study aimed to discover the molecular features of AML patients older than 60 years of age. De-identified blood and bone marrow specimens investigated in the study were obtained from 199 AML patients enrolled in ECOG-ACRIN Cancer Research Group's e3999 clinical trial (NCT00046930). Exome capture was performed on DNA isolated from disease enriched cells and patient-matched lymphocytes as germline controls. The frequencies and co-occurrence of somatic events and features associated with clinical outcomes in this population were reported. Phenotypic data from this study cohort were submitted to the NCTN/NCORP Data Archive. It is hoped that this resource can be leveraged to address potential disease mechanisms and treatment vulnerabilities in AML patients over the age of 60.

  Study phs003773

• Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Integrating Germline and Somatic Alterations that Underlie Tumor Progression

  Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most common cancer in the United States, affecting over a million people annually, and with significant mortality due to metastasis. The overall scientific objective of this study is to identify and integrate novel tumor mutational data with previously characterized information on host genetic risk factors and clinical risk factors to better understand how cancer risk alleles contribute to the development of cSCCs capable of metastasis. We analyze 290 cSCCs (145 primary cSCCs) that progressed to metastasis and 145 non-metastatic primary cSCCs arising in the well characterized GERA cohort to provide a comprehensive landscape of genomic alterations in cSCCs. The aims of the study are: a) characterize the somatic genome and transcriptome of metastatic and non-metastatic cSCCs, b) integrate somatic mutational analysis with environmental exposure data, and c) develop a risk prediction tool for metastatic-cSCC that integrate genomic and clinical data.

  Study phs003681