3334 results for "*geneti*"

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• Genetics of Human Inherited Retinal Diseases (GHIRD)

  The goal of this project is to identify novel mutations and genes involved in human retinal disorders, a stated priority of the National Eye Institute. To accomplish this, additional genes whose mutations cause inherited retinal diseases (IRD) will be identified by combining targeted gene panel sequencing, whole exome sequencing, and whole genome sequencing. We have collected about 1050 patient families around the world. In this proposal, we will identify the underlying mutations in these patients using a combination of targeted gene panel sequencing, whole exome sequencing, whole genome sequencing, bioinformatics, statistics, and functional studies. Genes targeted for gene panel sequencing are: ABCA4; ASIC2; JAG1; ABCC6; ARL3; ATP1B2; BBS1; BBS2; BBS4; OPN1SW; CAPN5; C21orf2; CA4; CACNA1F; CDH3; CHM; ERCC8; CLCN2; CLCN3; CLCN7; TPP1; CLN3; CLN5; CNGB1; CNGA1; CNGA3; COL2A1; COL9A1; COL11A1; CRX; VCAN; CTSD; TIMM8A; DMD; CLN8; ERCC6; EFEMP1; OPN1MW; GNAT1; GNAT2; GNGT1; GRM6; GUCA1A; GUCA1B; GUCY2F; GUCY2D; HARS; CFH; HK1; IDH3B; IMPDH1; IMPG1; KCNJ13; KIF11; LRP5; MAK; MITF; TRPM1; MTTP; MVK; MYO7A; NDP; NEK2; NEUROD1; NPHP1; NRL; OAT; OPA1; OTX2; PAX2; PAX6; PDCL; PCYT1A; PDE6A; PDE6C; PDE6G; PDE6H; PDE6B; PEX1; PEX6; PEX7; PEX10; PEX12; PEX13; PEX14; PFDN5; PGK1; PHYH; PIN1; PLA2G5; PPT1; PRKCZ; PEX19; PEX2; PEX5; RB1; RBP3; RBP4; OPN1LW; RDH5; PRPH2; RGR; RHO; GRK1; RLBP1; ROM1; RP9; RP1; RP2; RPGR; RPE65; RS1; SAG; ATXN7; CCL2; SLC6A6; ELOVL4; TEAD1; NR2F1; TIMP3; NR2E1; TTPA; TUB; TULP1; UCHL3; USH2A; CLRN1; VLDLR; BEST1; WFS1; ALMS1; MKKS; FZD4; OFD1; PEX3; CTSF; GBF1; ADAM9; RGS9; PEX11B; PROM1; UNC119; PRPF4; PRPF3; AIFM1; SLC24A1; LRAT; ASIC3; RAB28; PEX16; ITM2B; SLC4A7; IQCB1; CROCC; IFT140; DHX38; MFN2; NR2E3; USH1C; TOPORS; MERTK; FBLN5; CIB2; PRPF8; SDCCAG8; IFT27; TREX1; RRAS2; CEP164; ATF6; TRIM32; RIMS1; SNRNP200; CLUAP1; EMC1; ZNF423; TTLL5; AGTPBP1; RPGRIP1L; CRB1; TSPAN12; ARL2BP; AIPL1; PRPF6; FSCN2; ABHD12; PRPF31; TCTN3; IFT172; CNNM4; NPHP3; INVS; BBS9; FLVCR1; RDH8; IMPG2; WDPCP; RDH11; TMEM216; TMEM138; LZTFL1; CNGB3; AHI1; MKS1; CLN6; BBS7; POMGNT1; PEX26; SPATA7; KIZ; KLHL7; INPP5E; MDM1; CABP4; RPGRIP1; MCOLN1; CC2D2A; KIAA1549; SLC7A14; WDR19; NYX; CDH23; SEMA4A; MPP5; NMNAT1; TMEM237; PCDH15; C5orf42; GNPTAB; TMEM231; TCTN1; SRD5A3; BBS10; ZNF408; TTC21B; CSPP1; LPCAT1; DHDDS; PDZD7; PANK2; CEP290; OPA3; DNAJC5; PITPNM3; MFRP; HMCN1; ADGRV1; ARL6; FAM161A; TMEM126A; GNPTG; GJA10; RAX2; TUBGCP6; TMEM67; ACBD5; C12orf65; CDHR1; BBIP1; REEP6; CACNA2D4; RP1L1; CEP41; C1QTNF5; NXNL1; TTC8; USH1G; BBS5; ZNF513; RDH12; SLC38A8; C8orf37; VPS13B; NXNL2; BBS12; ADGRA3; LCA5; KCNV2; ADAMTS18; ARL13B; ATOH7; MFSD8; NPHP4; CCDC66; CYP4V2; CRB2; RD3; LRIT3; EYS; KIF7; CERKL; RGS9BP; C2orf71; GDF6; DTHD1; GPR179; CISD2; CCR2; PRCD; WHRN; ADGRA3. The current dbGaP study release makes available all sequencing-derived vcf data of study participants.

  Study phs001517

• Translational Research Investigating Underlying disparities in acute Myocardial infarction Patients' Health status (TRIUMPH)

  The Translational Research Investigating Underlying disparities in acute Myocardial infarction Patients' Health status (TRIUMPH) cohort is a cohort of 4340 patients prospectively enrolled after hospitalization for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) between June 1, 2005, and December 31, 2008 from 24 U.S. hospitals. Consenting patients had detailed chart abstractions of their medical history and processes of inpatient care, supplemented with a detailed baseline interview. Detailed genetic and metabolic data were obtained at hospital discharge in 2979 (69%) and 3013 patients (69%), respectively. Centralized follow-up interviews sought to quantify patients' post-discharge care and outcomes, with a focus on their health status (symptoms, function, and quality of life). Reprinted from [Article Citation], with permission from [Publisher].

  Study phs001518

• Genome and Transcriptome Assembly Reveals SVA-Mediated Aberrant Splicing in X-Linked Dystonia Parkinsonism

  X-linked Dystonia-Parkinsonism (XDP, DYT3) is a long-standing quandary in human disease genetics. XDP is predominantly observed on Panay island in the Philippines. This study is one of the first of its kind to interrogate an unsolved Mendelian disorder by integrating genome and transcriptome assembly methods using Illumina, 10X Genomics, Pacific Biosciences, and Agilent genome targeting technologies. These data provide strong evidence for a pathogenic link between a noncoding SVA retrotransposon and XDP. We demonstrate that this Mendelian disorder is associated with a sine-VNTR-Alu (SVA) retrotransposon that inserted into the TAF1 gene and is shared by all XDP probands, yet never observed in controls from worldwide populations. Transcriptome assembly in iPSC-derived neural stem cells (NSCs) and neurons revealed that this SVA caused aberrant splicing and significant intron retention, which was negatively correlated with TAF1 expression. Remarkably, CRISPR/Cas9 excision of the SVA rescued the aberrant transcriptional signature and normalized expression of TAF1 in patient-derived NSCs. We have also interrogated iPSC-derived microglia to investigate the contribution of glial components to the cellular and molecular deficit, effect of TNF treatment on XDP transcriptional signatures. To further understand what XDP may have in common with other hereditary dystonias (such as DYT6), we are further comparing these signatures to ones associated with dystonia-specific variants in proteins that, like TAF1, are also involved in regulating transcription, i.e. THAP1. 

  Study phs001525

• Germline

  This study is part of the 'First 1,000 Days of Life and Beyond' study at the Inova Translational Medicine Institute. Whole-genome sequencing data from 1,291 parent-offspring trios was used to study the properties of clustered de novo mutations. The maternal clusters were found to be enriched in regions with accelerated maternal mutation rate and show distinct mutational signatures. For additional details, please refer to: "Germline de novo mutation clusters arise during oocyte aging in genomic regions with increased double-strand break incidence". Jakob M. Goldmann, Vladimir B. Seplyarskiy, Wendy S.W. Wong, Thierry Vilboux, Pieter B. Neerincx, Dale L. Bodian, Benjamin D. Solomon, Joris A. Veltman, John F. Deeken, Christian Gilissen, John E. Niederhuber. Nature Genetics.

  Study phs001522

• The Genetic Basis of Aggressive Prostate Cancer, The Role of Rare Variation

  In this study, we will apply a multi-staged approach to reveal genes harboring rare variants that are associated with aggressive PCa. Whole-exome sequencing (Aim 1a) of 2,774 aggressive cases and 2,776 non-aggressive cases of European ancestry will be conducted followed by rare variant analysis of single sites and gene burden testing to identify novel susceptibility loci/genes for aggressive disease. We will validate the most significantly associated genes (~500) through targeted sequencing in an additional 6,415 aggressive and 5,586 non-aggressive cases and 1,890 controls (Aim 1b). Next, we will investigate the clinical predictive utility of the genes/variants identified in 2,300 cases in the STHM3 trial who are undergoing biopsy based on PSA and genetic risk score stratification (Aim 2). Through this tiered approach we expect to significantly advance knowledge of aggressive PCa etiology and health disparities as well as guide the development of early detection and prognostic strategies for the subset of men who are most susceptible to this fatal form of disease. In this case-case study of aggressive vs non aggressive prostate cancer, aggressive cases are defined as prostate cancer as cause of death, (T4 disease or T3 disease) and Gleason 8+. Non-aggressive cases are men with T1/2 disease and Gleason <=6. In Aim 2, a clinically important disease is defined as a case with Gleason 7+. Clinically non-important disease is defined as Gleason <=6. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS and CONTRIBUTING SITES CAPS, PROCAP, STHM1, STHM2: Swedish Cancer Society (CAN 2016/818), Swedish Research Council (2014/2269).STHM3: Stockholm County Council (Stockholms Läns Landsting).MEC: Funding provided by the National Cancer Institute: Understanding Ethnic Differences in Cancer, 2U01CA164973 and The Genetic Basis of Aggressive Prostate Cancer, The Role of Rare Variation, 5R01CA196931-02.ATBC: The ATBC Study is supported by the Intramural Research Program of the U.S. National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, and by U.S. Public Health Service contract HHSN261201500005C from the National Cancer Institute, Department of Health and Human Services.COSM: The Swedish Research Council/National Research Infrastructure Grant (VR 2014/6397; VR 2015/5997) The Swedish Cancer Foundation (CAN 2013/456; CAN 2016/727)CPSII: The authors express sincere appreciation to all Cancer Prevention Study II participants and to each member of the study and biospecimen management group. The American Cancer Society funds the creation, maintenance, and updating of the Cancer Prevention Study-II cohort.MCCS/APCS/PCFS: The Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study (MCCS) recruitment was funded by VicHealth and Cancer Council Victoria and further supported by Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) grants 209057 and 396414. The Aggressive Prostate Cancer Case-Control Study (APCS) was funded by NHMRC grant 623204. The Prostate Cancer Family Study (PCFS) was fully funded by Cancer Council Victoria. Cancer Council Victoria funds the continuing maintenance and updating of the MCCS, APCS and PCFS. Cases and their vital status are ascertained and followed up through the Victorian Cancer Registry and the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, including the National Death Index and the Australian Cancer Database.PLCO: The Prostate Lung Colorectal Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial (PLCO) was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and by contracts from the Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services. EPIC: The coordination of EPIC is financially supported by International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and also by the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London which has additional infrastructure support provided by the NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre (BRC). The national cohorts are supported by: Danish Cancer Society (Denmark); Ligue Contre le Cancer, Institut Gustave Roussy, Mutuelle Générale de l'Education Nationale, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) (France); German Cancer Aid, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam- Rehbruecke (DIfE), Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) (Germany); Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro-AIRC-Italy, Compagnia di SanPaolo and National Research Council (Italy); Dutch Ministry of Public Health, Welfare and Sports (VWS), Netherlands Cancer Registry (NKR), LK Research Funds, Dutch Prevention Funds, Dutch ZON (Zorg Onderzoek Nederland), World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF), Statistics Netherlands (The Netherlands); Health Research Fund (FIS) - Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Regional Governments of Andalucía, Asturias, Basque Country, Murcia and Navarra, and the Catalan Institute of Oncology - ICO (Spain); Swedish Cancer Society, Swedish Research Council and County Councils of Skåne and Västerbotten (Sweden); Cancer Research UK (14136 to EPIC-Norfolk; C8221/A19170 and C8221/A29017 to EPIC-Oxford), Medical Research Council (1000143 to EPIC-Norfolk; MR/M012190/1 to EPIC-Oxford). (United Kingdom). DFCI: Linda and Arthur Gelb and Rebecca and Nathan Milikowsky. HPFS and PHS: The Health Professionals Follow-up Study was supported by U01 167552 and P01 CA228696 from the National Cancer Institute, and with support from the Prostate Cancer Foundation. The Physicians' Health Study was supported by grants CA34944, CA40360, CA097193, HL26490 and HL34595.Northwestern: P50CA180995 (Catalona) 08/01/15 – 07/31/20 NIH/NCI SPORE in Prostate Cancer; The Urological Research FoundationPROMPT: MRC UK - Project reference G0500966, Cambridge BRC infrastructure funding, Cambridge Biomedical Research Campus (BRC-1215-20014), CRUK Cambridge Cancer Centre infrastructure funding (they are requesting this statement is written in blue for publications).ICR: This work was supported by the NIH R01 grant 5R01CA196931-02. The samples from the UK were from UKGPCS and PrompT. The UKGPCS study was supported by Cancer Research UK (grant numbers C5047/A7357, C1287/A10118, C1287/A5260, C5047/A3354, C5047/A10692, C16913/A6135 and C16913/A6835). We would like to acknowledge the NCRN nurses and Consultants for their work in the UKGPCS study. We thank all the patients who took part in this study. We also acknowledge The Institute of Cancer Research, The National Cancer Research Network UK, The National Cancer Research Institute (NCRI) UK for their ongoing support. We are grateful for support of NIHR funding to the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at The Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust.Funding:CIDR grant X01HG008336

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• Genetic Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) in African Americans

  Association studies have previously identified 200 genome-wide significant (GWS) IBD susceptibility loci in European ancestry populations. At least thirty-five loci have been identified in Asians and a handful appear Asian specific. AAs have a higher risk for developing disease complications in IBD and worse disease outcome, suggesting that significant differences in pathological and molecular mechanisms may exist in AAs. It was therefore imperative to use more comprehensive genotyping platforms in more highly powered samples to detect AA-specific IBD loci and associations. We conducted two independent GWAS using a total of 2345 AA IBD cases and 5002 controls population from unrelated, self-identified AAs individuals. GWAS1 included 1258 IBD cases (843 CD, 368 UC, 47 IBD-U) and 1678 controls derived from the dbGaP Health and Retirement Study (phs000428). GWAS 2 included 1087 IBD cases (803 CD, 215 UC, 69 IBD-U) and 3324 controls obtained from the Kaiser RPGEH study (phs000788).

  Study phs001571

• Gene Expression of Small Cell Carcinoma of the Ovary-Hypercalcemic Type (SCCOHT)

  Small cell carcinoma of the ovary-hypercalcemic type (SCCOHT) is a rare and aggressive form of ovarian cancer afflicting young women at a median age of 24 years. SCCOHTs are characterized by loss of protein expression of SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling ATPases SMARCA4 and SMARCA2 through mutation and epigenetic silencing, respectively. This study aims to establish gene expression profiles of this cancer through RNA-Seq of fourteen pathologically confirmed cases of SCCOHT tumors.

  Study phs001528

• Whole exome sequencing to discover genetic variation associated with aortopathy in Turner Syndrome

  Turner syndrome is a disorder affecting only girls and women, which is caused by a complete or partial loss of the second sex chromosome. Girls and women with Turner syndrome have a variety of phenotypes. Of interest to this study is aortopathy, including bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) and thoracic aortic dilation (TAD) in which we know that 25 - 50% of girls with Turner syndrome are born with. The aorta is the main artery that conducts the blood out of the heart. The aortic valve guards the entrance to the aorta. When the aortic valve has two leaflets instead of the usual three it is called a BAV. BAV is more common than all other congenital heart defects combined. BAV commonly causes obstructions to blood flow out of the heart or become leaky over time. BAV often occurs in combination with TAD. In Turner syndrome, TADs are increased 50-100 fold compared to the general population. Currently, there are no effective approaches or pre-surgical treatments for aortic disease. Therefore, progression of aortic disease in individuals with BAV/TAD can result in catastrophic aortic dissection, rupture, and death. Our goal is to leverage DNA sequencing and carefully curated patient samples to gain a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms that cause these inter-related aortic diseases.

  Study phs001531

• The epigenetic landscape controlled by p63 in epidermal development

  Transcription factor p63 is a key regulator of epidermal keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation. Heterozygous mutations of TP63 encoding p63 cause a spectrum of developmental disorders. EEC syndrome is caused by point mutations in the p63 DNA-binding domain, and manifests ectodermal dysplasia with defects in the epidermis and epidermal related appendages, limb malformation and cleft lip/palate. Five hotspot mutations affecting amino acids, R204, R227, R279, R280 and R304, have been found in approximately 90% of the EEC population. Although the role of p63 in normal epidermal development and differentiation has been demonstrated, the molecular mechanism by which p63 mutations cause the epidermal phenotype in diseases is not yet understood. In the two related studies, we characterize p63 mutant keratinocytes (R204W, R279H and R304W) and p63 mutant iPSCs (R204W and R304W) and the molecular mechanisms underlying their differentiation defects.

  Study phs001737

• Nicotine dependence GWAS meta-analysis across European and African American ancestries

  Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable morbidity and mortality. Knowledge is evolving on genetics underlying initiation, regular smoking, nicotine dependence (ND), and cessation. We performed a genome-wide association study using the Fagerström Test for ND (FTND) in 58,000 smokers of European or African ancestry. Five genome-wide significant loci, including two novel loci MAGI2/GNAI1 (rs2714700) and TENM2 (rs1862416) were identified, and loci reported for other smoking traits were extended to ND. Using the heaviness of smoking index (HSI) in the UK Biobank (N=33,791), rs2714700 was consistently associated, but rs1862416 was not associated, likely reflecting ND features not captured by the HSI. Both variants were cis-eQTLs (rs2714700 for MAGI2-AS3 in hippocampus, rs1862416 for TENM2 in lung), and expression of genes spanning ND-associated variants was enriched in cerebellum. SNP-based heritability of ND was 8.6%, and ND was genetically correlated with 13 other smoking traits (rg=0.40-0.95) and co-morbid diseases. Our results emphasize the FTND as a composite phenotype that expands genetic knowledge of smoking, including loci specific to ND.

  Study phs001532