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Genetic Studies of Glomerular Diseases

This ongoing study investigates the genetic basis of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) and related glomerular diseases, including focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and minimal change disease (MCD). We hope to identify genetic factors associated with disease susceptibility and clinical heterogeneity.

Eligible participants include individuals of any age, sex, gender, race, or ethnicity with a clinical diagnosis of primary nephrotic syndrome. Individuals with known secondary causes of nephrotic syndrome, including diabetes- or obesity-associated glomerular disease, or kidney biopsy findings consistent with alternative primary or secondary glomerular diseases (e.g., membranous nephropathy or autoimmune kidney disease), were excluded. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants or legal representatives.

Participants were recruited primarily through the Division of Nephrology at Columbia University Irving Medical Center and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology at Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital, with additional enrollment through collaborating centers in Europe and South America.